Fig. 4

The therapeutic use of magnetic nanoparticles to remove significant parts of a blood contaminant requires injection and mixing of the magnetic particles during a prolonged time. After binding, the injected agent has to be removed in a magnetic separation step and ideally guarantees that essentially no particles are fed back into the patient’s body. In a typical clinical setup, a diagnostic step with detection of specific targets is expected to then lead to the treatment step using an adapted mix of magnetic agents