Nanovaccine-based strategies for lymph node targeted delivery and imaging in tumor immunotherapy

Table 4 Representative inorganic nanoplatforms for targeting LNs

Class of nanovaccines	Size of nanovaccines	Zeta potential of nanovaccines	Active components	Mechanism of targeting LNs	Anti-tumor effects	Refs.
AuNP-OVA	84.3 ± 0.9 nm	–	Au, OVA	Suitable size for the delivery to LNs	Promoted significant antigen-specific responses; Inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in both prophylactic and therapeutic in vivo tumor models	[115]
HA-OVA AuNPs	175.57 nm	Negative charge: − 27.23 mV	HA, OVA, Au	Targeted ligand modification; Light activation enhanced delivery	Promoted MHC I antigen presentation and the cytotoxic T lymphocytes response; Inhibited tumor growth under laser irradiation in mice	[116]
MINPs	261.1 nm	Positive charge: 5.66 mV	SPIO, CpG ODN	Imaging guidance; Promoting the maturation of DCs	Effective photothermal destruction of the primary tumors Reduced both the remaining and distant metastatic tumors in mice	[117]
MWNTs	112 ± 82 nm	Negative charge: − 41.9 mV	CpG, anti-CD40 Ig, OVA	Enhancing the uptake of DCs	Significantly reduced tumor size and lung metastasis in mice	[118]
MSN-R848-OVAp	280 nm	Negative charge: − 50 mV to + 20 mV	Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonist R848, OVA	Promoting the maturation of DCs	Generated antigen-specific T-cell response; Improved the pharmacokinetic profile of R848 in mice	[119]

ISSN: 1477-3155