Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviates polystyrene nanoplastics induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism via melatonin signaling in maize

Yang, Xiaoxiao; Feng, Ke; Wang, Guo; Zhang, Shifang; Zhao, Juan; Yuan, Xiangyang; Ren, Jianhong

doi:10.1186/s12951-024-02537-x

Fig. 6

From: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviates polystyrene nanoplastics induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism via melatonin signaling in maize

Effects of Nano-TiO₂ on nitrogen metabolism in PSNPs-stressed maize plants. (A) the transcription levels of genes associated with nitrogen metabolism. Color scale denotes log₂(fold-change). NRT: Nitrate transporter; NR: Nitrate reductase; GS: Glutamine synthetase; GOGAT: Glutamate synthetase; GDH: Glutamate dehydrogenase. Nano-TiO₂ effects on nitrate (NO₃⁻) content (B), NR activity (C), ammonia (NH₄⁺) content (D), GDH activity (E), GS activity (F), GOGAT activity (G), soluble protein content (H), free amino acid content (I), and protease activity (J). C: Control; Ti: Nano-TiO₂; P + Ti: PSNPs + Nano-TiO₂. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences (n = 4, P < 0.05)

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Fig. 6

Journal of Nanobiotechnology

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