Fig. 6

Efficient delivery of mIRES-PGC1α mRNA promotes browning in mouse adipose tissues. A Schematic illustration of the experimental procedure. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 3 weeks, followed by exosome delivery with the aid of UTMD. The exosome delivery was performed once a week for 3 continuous weeks. Mice were sacrificed at the end of experiments for histology and gene expression. B H&E staining of the adipose tissue in mice treated as indicated. Smaller browning adipocytes are indicated by arrows. Scale bar, 50 μm. Data shown are representative of five to seven mice in each group. C Body weight in mice treated as indicated. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of seven mice in each group. ∗ p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. D Food intake in mice treated as indicated. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of seven mice in each group. ∗ p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. E and F qPCR analysis of Ucp1 (E) and Cidea (F) expression in adipose tissue. Gapdh served as internal control. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of three mice in each group. ∗ p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. G Schematic illustration of the study. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [97].