Fig. 3

ROS generation and cytotoxicity in vitro. A) The ROS generation ability of different formulations was observed by A) confocal microscopy using ROS Assay Kit (blue represents DAPI, green represents ROS) and B) flow cytometry through analyzing the mean fluorescence intensity of ROS. C) Apoptosis analysis of 4T1 cells treated with different formulations. D) Statistical analysis of the apoptosis results. E) Calcein-AM/PI double staining of 4T1 cells treated with different formulations. (**p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001)