Fig. 4

In vitro cellular uptake and antitumor effect of CZP NPs. (a) Representative confocal microscopy images of 4T1 cells following a 4-hour incubation with FITC-CZP NPs. The cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) and the cell membranes with Dil (red). (b-e) Flow cytometric profiles and corresponding quantification of 4T1 cells incubated with FITC-CZP NPs over various concentrations and time points (n = 3). (f-h) The cell viability of 4T1 cells after various treatments (n = 3). (i) Flow cytometric assessment of apoptosis and necrosis in 4T1 cells. (j-l) Fluorescent imaging and flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS levels of 4T1 cells. (m) Bio-TEM images of untreated 4T1 cells or treated with CZP + NIR. (n) Western blot analysis of FDX1, LIAS, ACO-2, and SDHB from 4T1 cells following various treatments