Fig. 5

Evaluation of Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) Transport, Biocompatibility, and Biodistribution of NM@PB-Ce Nanoparticles. A Schematic representation of the in vitro BBB Transwell model. B Quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity fluctuations in the upper and lower chambers of the Transwell system following the addition of Cy5-labeled NM@PB-Ce, measured at specified time intervals (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h). C Temporal profile of relative fluorescence intensity in the upper and lower chambers of the Transwell system, as determined by IVIS measurements. D In vivo IVIS imaging of AD and control group mice at predetermined time points following intravenous administration of Cy5-labeled NM@PB-Ce via tail vein injection. E Time-course analysis of relative fluorescence intensity in the brains of AD versus control mice using IVIS imaging to assess the cerebral accumulation of NM@PB-Ce. F Comparative ex vivo IVIS analysis of organ-specific fluorescence signals in AD and control groups at 300 min post-NM@PB-Ce injection, elucidating organ-specific biodistribution patterns