Table 4 Effects of ND nanofiber composites on various cell lines and their applications

Poly-ε-caprolactone

2%

Schwann cell

Promotion of cell proliferation and adhesion, regulation of macrophage polarization

[146]

0.5, 1, 2, 3wt%

Mouse calvaria-derived pre-osteoblast

1wt.% of ND/PCL: Cell proliferation rate approximately 1.5 times (compared to PCL), improve alkaline phosphatase activity

[147]

0.1%w/w

Human lens epithelial

No toxicity

[148]

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

5%

Natural stem cell

Survival rate of cells: 85%

[149]

0.7wt%

Human mesenchymal stem cells

Improved cell diffusion due to increased hydrophilicity

[150]

Gelatin from cold water fish

0.5 and 1%

Human adipose-derived Stem

Cells remain viable after 48 h, cell adhesion, no cytotoxicity

[151]

Polypropylene

1%w/w

Chinese hamster ovarian cells

Very high cell adhesion compared to control, with longer cells and more filopodia

[152]

Silicon oxide

-

Human osteoblast-like Saos-2cells

Support cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation, high collagen and ALP synthesis, and calcium precipitation on day 14 of cell culture

[153]