Fig. 7

Representative applications of MN patches integrated with nanomaterials for corneal healing. (A) Images of rabbit eyes treated with IMZ-GQDs MN patches before and after fluorescein sodium staining (a). Photographs and SEM images of MGMN (b) [92, 93]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH. (B) Flowchart of the MNs@Lido synthesis with a curved backing layer [94]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (C) The MN array can be reinforced by freezing and softened triggered by NIR irradiation [95]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. (D) The MN with a light trigger mechanism for precise and programmable penetration [96]. Copyright 2023, Royal Society of Chemistry. (E) MNs loaded with nanozymes of MnOx/GDY facilitate corneal repair through multiple aspects [93]. Copyright 2023, Wiley‐VCH. (F) MN-assisted delivery of targeted-modified Exos for the healing of alkali burned cornea [99]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society. (G) A summary of optimization strategies for MNs integrated with nanomaterials to promote corneal regeneration. Created with BioRender.com